> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://bitcoin-scaling-labs-docs.gitbook.io/ipc-btc-scaling-docs/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://bitcoin-scaling-labs-docs.gitbook.io/ipc-btc-scaling-docs/overview/our-approach-to-horizontal-scaling.md).
# Our approach to Horizontal Scaling
Bitcoin-IPC is purpose-built to deliver unparalleled scalability while maintaining the high levels of security guaranteed by the Bitcoin network. We achieve this by introducing the concept of *subnets*, permissionless independent blockchain systems that enable developers to expand capacity and customize performance as needed.
These systems function as scalable extensions of Bitcoin, capable of handling specific workloads while maintaining interoperability with the core network. Each subnet operates its consensus protocol optimized for its unique use case, while leveraging Bitcoin’s foundational security. This flexibility empowers developers to host multiple applications or shards of a single application based on cost, performance, or functionality requirements.
Subnets are organized in a hierarchy, with one parent subnet being able to spawn infinite child subnets. Within a hierarchical subsystem, subnets can seamlessly communicate with each other, reducing the need for cross-chain bridges.
Subnets also have their specific consensus algorithms (usually Fendermint). Bitcoin-IPC also allows on-demand/dynamic scalability, which is achieved through the specific network design, allowing throughput to scale on demand by creating temporary subnets when usage peaks and then decommissioning them when no longer needed. This on-the-fly adaptability ensures optimal resource usage without compromising decentralization or user experience. On-demand scalability, considered necessary as the blockchain ecosystem is rapidly growing, ensures that such a solution is accessible to most dApps, which need to scale their infrastructure rapidly during specific periods.
By seamlessly integrating the concept of subnets with Bitcoin’s ecosystem, Bitcoin-IPC eliminates the need for complex cross-chain bridges, streamlining interactions between actors inside a unified environment. This approach unlocks new possibilities for developers and businesses, paving the way for scalable, efficient, and secure applications powered by Bitcoin.